Security is a significant concern when consulting for large enterprises handling sensitive data. Implementing Row-Level Security (RLS), Object-Level Security (OLS), and sensitivity labels is crucial but can become complex when managing access for multiple teams across departments. Power BI consulting services must ensure compliance with GDPR, HIPAA, and SOC 2 while preventing unauthorized access and data breaches. Other challenges include managing user roles effectively, securing data in transit and at rest, and preventing report sharing outside authorized users. Solutions involve Azure Active Directory (AAD), data encryption, Microsoft Purview, and robust governance frameworks to maintain secure Power BI deployments.